The Poznań Philharmonic can trace its origins back to the end of Prussian rule after the Wielkopolska Uprising of 1919. Over a decade of irregular performances followed until a huge effort was made in the early 1930s by a group of influential musicians to establish a strong organisation in the city. This effort was helped by the local newspaper Kurier Poznański and the first performance of the city's Philharmonic, unofficially named the Poznań Philharmonic, took place on the 14th of October 1931.

After the trauma of WWII, the Philharmonic was reborn, initially under the title of the Workers' Philharmonic Society and opened its first season as the Poznań Philharmonic once again in 1947. Today, the concerts of the Poznań Philharmonic are held in the historic auditorium of the Adam Mickiewicz University.

The concerts take place at the University Hall as well. Św. Marcin is only the Philharmonic office address.